{"id":6925,"date":"2023-06-01T13:05:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-01T20:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/?page_id=6925"},"modified":"2024-01-25T15:34:10","modified_gmt":"2024-01-25T23:34:10","slug":"germline-vs-somatic-mutation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/germline-vs-somatic-mutation\/","title":{"rendered":"Germline Vs. Somatic Mutation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"6925\" class=\"elementor elementor-6925\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f762a9f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f762a9f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-49fb302\" data-id=\"49fb302\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61fe750 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"61fe750\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 30-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5c150d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b5c150d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 30-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Germline Mutations<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8a790d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b8a790d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 30-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Germline mutations are DNA changes a person inherits from their parents and are in them from birth. Somatic mutations are changes to DNA that happen after a person is born.<\/p><p>Germline mutations are present in every cell of the body. Germline genetic testing can be done via a cheek swab, spit, or blood sample.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7e586f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e7e586f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Germline Mutation Testing<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ec69a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ec69a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cancer germline testing looks at whether a person has an inherited bias toward growing certain types of cancers.<\/p><p>Only 1% to 3% of stomach cancer patients are thought to have a hereditary form of the cancer. The following gene mutations can be inherited. The cancer risk column means that if you are in the unlucky 1-3% to inherit a mutation, different mutations have different % risk of actually getting a cancer (called penetrance) attached to them. Taking CDH1 as an example, a person with this mutation will not definitely get cancer but has a 70% risk of it.<\/p><p>Genetic risk-associated gene mutations in Gastric cancer:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c786426 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-table\" data-id=\"c786426\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-table jet-elements\">\n\t\t<div class=\"jet-table-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<table class=\"jet-table jet-table--fa5-compat\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead class=\"jet-table__head\"><tr class=\"jet-table__head-row\"><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-278b7aa jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Mutated Gene<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-7a18f73 jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Syndrome<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><th class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-b650e9d jet-table__head-cell\" scope=\"col\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Gastric Cancer Risk<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tbody class=\"jet-table__body\"><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-d23c2a3\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-27ec568 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">CDH1<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-2ea86fb jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome (HDGC) <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-779c18f jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Up to 70%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-d45b0bc\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-6120b8c jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">STK11<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-d83392d jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Peutz-Jeghers syndrome <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-487a57e jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Up to 29%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-a08b5e6\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-88d790c jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">SMAD4<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-fec53da jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Juvenile polyposis <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-f81fed1 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Up to 21%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-4d404a9\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-6eb3dbb jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">MLH1, MSH2 (includes EPCAM deletions), MSH6, PMS2 <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-536674e jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Lynch syndrom<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-e81a47a jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">1-13%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-665a97b\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-dbd480a jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">TP53<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-2a10cf2 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Li-Fraumeni syndrome <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-827164e jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">1-4%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-aeba300\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-cb1471c jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">APC<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-4b76485 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Familial adenomatous polyposis <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-e83154d jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\"><1%<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-fe0b34b\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-8f598b3 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">APC promoter 1B <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-f074af0 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-3c0ee08 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Significantly elevated<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><tr class=\"jet-table__body-row elementor-repeater-item-52e58b3\"><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-364742b jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Unknown<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-6fd0c63 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">Familial gastric cancer<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><td class=\"jet-table__cell elementor-repeater-item-2d5c8c1 jet-table__body-cell\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-inner\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-content\"><div class=\"jet-table__cell-text\">unclear<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e6f2f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4e6f2f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2a07d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d2a07d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Somatic Mutations<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09f0249 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09f0249\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>When we take a tumor tissue biopsy to test for cancer mutations, we look mainly for somatic mutations. If a somatic mutation is present that can also be a germline mutation; when appropriate, germline testing (of your normal cell DNA) will also be done to make sure that close family members are not also at risk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-823a19c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"823a19c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Somatic Mutation Testing<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed19791 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed19791\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Once taken, a tissue biopsy is sent to a lab for extraction and analysis of its DNA.<\/p><p>DNA contains the code to make proteins. Humans have developed tools to read this code. These tools allow us to see mutations (changes or mistakes) in the DNA that cause and have grown in cancer. They help us see if the DNA mutations whose coded proteins act as targets for specially-made treatments are present in cancer tissue.<\/p><p>We read DNA using a process called DNA sequencing. In this method, thesequence (string) of DNA is broken into small pieces (the individual building blocks of DNA called bases A, T, C and G), which are read very carefully. The specific A,T,C,G sequence or code of the gene provides the whole gene\u2019s sequence. Abnormalities in the cancer DNA gene\u2019s sequence can be identified when compared to a gene\u2019s normal DNA sequence.<\/p><p>Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is a phrase used to describe a range of tools that\u00a0speed up DNA sequencing to evaluate many different genes simultaneously.<\/p><p>Large commercial companies such as Caris, Tempus, and Foundation Medicine carry out NGS, as do larger Academic Centers.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7b3e9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b7b3e9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Liquid Biopsies<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8514013 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8514013\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A liquid biopsy is a sample of blood, usually drawn from a person&#8217;s arm. The use of liquid biopsies is attractive because blood sampling is a much more non-invasive way of entering into the living body than a tumor biopsy or surgery. Collecting blood is relatively easy, meaning sampling multiple times throughout a person&#8217;s disease course is possible, allowing real-time study.<\/p><p>Liquid biopsies can be used in the localized or locally advanced settings in order to see if the cancer is still there after curative surgical treatment by evaluating whether cancer (tumor) DNA is present in a person&#8217;s blood despite having undergone surgery. However, liquid biopsies for guiding treatment after surgery are still mostly under study. A company called Natera invites us to &#8220;Know Cancer&#8217;s Next Move&#8221; by using their liquid biopsy test (called Signatera) that measures circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) with high sensitivity that can potentially help guide the best treatment moving forward. This test requires tissue NGS testing in addition to blood ctDNA testing.<\/p><p>The &#8220;Guardant360 CDx&#8221; test uses a blood sample to perform NGS to detect 73 different cancer genes for abnormalities simultaneously. This test, and others like it, are applicable in the metastatic (stage IV) or locally advanced unresectable settings. The aim with ctDNA testing in this stage IV setting is generally to see if a person might benefit from treatment with targeted therapies, as is done with tumor biopsies, but it can also be used to follow and monitor the status of the cancer over time in terms of how it is responding to a given therapy.\u00a0 The &#8220;Guardant360 CDx&#8221; test has been FDA-approved for any solid tumor cancer, including stomach cancer, in this setting.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c042dc6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c042dc6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Germline Vs. Somatic Mutation Download<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fdab8e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fdab8e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 30-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/HOPE-biomarker-charts_germline-v-somatic-final.png\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"663\" src=\"https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/HOPE-biomarker-charts_germline-v-somatic-final-1024x663.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6958\" alt=\"HOPE biomarker charts_germline v somatic final\" srcset=\"https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/HOPE-biomarker-charts_germline-v-somatic-final-1024x663.png 1024w, https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/HOPE-biomarker-charts_germline-v-somatic-final-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/HOPE-biomarker-charts_germline-v-somatic-final-768x497.png 768w, https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/HOPE-biomarker-charts_germline-v-somatic-final-600x388.png 600w, https:\/\/stomachcancerbiomarkers.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/HOPE-biomarker-charts_germline-v-somatic-final.png 1276w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Germline Vs. Somatic Mutation download<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc59e26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cc59e26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e176bc9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e176bc9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What Is The Genetic Basis Of GEC?  Inherited Vs. Acquired<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30fa627 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"30fa627\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/AIKfL_lpk-E&quot;,&quot;mute&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;modestbranding&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.21.0 - 30-04-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-video .elementor-widget-container{overflow:hidden;transform:translateZ(0)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio)}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{height:100%;width:100%;display:flex;border:none;background-color:#000}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper iframe,.elementor-widget-video .elementor-wrapper video{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-open-inline .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;background-size:cover;background-position:50%}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{cursor:pointer;text-align:center}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay:hover .elementor-custom-embed-play i{opacity:1}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{display:block;width:100%;aspect-ratio:var(--video-aspect-ratio);-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;-o-object-position:center center;object-position:center center}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1\/1){.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay{position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;padding-bottom:calc(100% \/ var(--video-aspect-ratio))}.elementor-widget-video .elementor-custom-embed-image-overlay img{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0}}.elementor-widget-video .e-hosted-video .elementor-video{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-video,.e-con>.elementor-widget-video{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32f796b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"32f796b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ed04b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"1ed04b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/TlBfsbBNghw&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Germline Mutations Germline mutations are DNA changes a person inherits from their parents and are in them from birth. Somatic mutations are changes to DNA that happen after a person is born. Germline mutations are present in every cell of the body. Germline genetic testing can be done via a cheek swab, spit, or blood [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/default-title-hero.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.5 (Yoast SEO v22.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Germline Vs. Somatic Mutation &#8226; Stomach Cancer Biomarkers<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Germline vs. somatic mutations are import aspects of stomach cancer biomarkers. Here we detail their differences. 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